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修抵中国边境，邻国这一重要铁路通车！_陶勒盖_舒苏_我的网站
A | Sputnik spoke with Dr. D. B. Bhaaskara, CEO of the multinational company Roerich Healthcare, about the current state of pharma trade with Russia.,Sputnik: Can you explain the current state of pharma supplies to Russia?,D. B. Bhaaskara: Currently, pharmaceutical shipments of Indian firms to Russia are at the same level even after the sanctions. But, there are many proposals (supplies) that Russians are not getting from the European Union. Russians are looking for these materials (chemicals, excipients, APIs [Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients]) with several Indian manufacturers. They have to develop links with Indian firms. There are many proposals from Russia - these proposals are under consideration from the Indian side.,Sputnik: There were reports of delayed payments from Russia initially after sanctions. As we see, trade has jumped manifold in the energy and fertilizer sectors. Do you think payment issues have been resolved in other sectors as well?,D. B. Bhaaskara: Several Indian companies have signed contracts in yuan, which means they are ready to receive payment in China's yuan. Still, the preferred mode of settlement is in the Indian rupee. As export procedures closed successfully in USD/euro/INR, Russians set aside yuan contracts.,My company is receiving regular payment without any delay in Indian rupees or USD or sometimes in euros.,Sputnik: What about logistical issues, as sanctions hit the shipping sector?,D. B. Bhaaskara: The logistical issues are still there because few airlines — namely Aeroflot, Emirates, Qatar, and Turkish — are available for transportation. Transportation costs are slightly high because of no regular cargo consignments. They vary between $8-12 per kg compared to $5 per kg in a normal situation.,Cargo sea shipment is still in a mess. The only port in Gujarat accepts Russian shipping. Here again, the container price is very, very high. We have to pay anything between $9,000 - 12,000 for a container. When there was no conflict or sanctions, it was $2,500 per container.,We have tried to send our shipments via Iran. So, from Gujarat port, the shipment reaches an Iranian port, and from there, it goes via road or rail to Moscow. But, it is taking a much longer time. In general, it is supposed to arrive in 30-40 days, but on an experimental basis, some companies sent their materials via the Iran route, [and they are] still on their way even after two months.,Shanghai is very crowded and has also been hit by the pandemic, making it unsuitable for us. So, the only problem right now is logistics; there is no payment issue.,Some Russian companies have an account with European banks operating in Russia dealing in oil and gas payments. Those banks are being used to send money anywhere worldwide, even with sanctions.,Sputnik: Western firms intended to withdraw their operations in Russia in response to Moscow's special military operation. Do you see some significant investments from Indian pharma companies in Russia to fill the vacuum created by the west?,D. B. Bhaaskara: There are long-pending proposals from a couple of governors, such as [in] Volgograd and Kazan, inviting India's major pharma companies to set up manufacturing units in their region. But, due to the pandemic, nothing moved ahead.,A delegation will be going to Russia to explore the opportunities in Russia in July. A few Indian companies, such as Sun Pharma and Advance Pharma, have manufacturing units in Russia doing finished formulations.,Hopefully, some new companies are interested in setting up units there now. But, Russia is looking to scale up raw material manufacturing, e.g., API. For this, much homework related to regulation should be done between the two governments, especially under sanctions.,Also, big companies such as Sun Pharma, Aurbindo, and Dr. Reddy, all with significant exposure to the US market, may try to avoid investing in Russia because they are scared of the risk associated with sanctions.,Medium-scale companies can come forward to set up raw material (API) manufacturing in Russia. However, it is unclear whether Indian workers/professionals can go and work in Russia. Setting up a new unit in unknown topography with a different language and culture is a little complicated. A lot of these questions are unanswered.。
B |
“这是一条蒙古国的发展之路、投资之路、机遇之路，也是通向未来的大门”，呼日勒苏赫说道。蒙古国总统在开通仪式致辞塔旺陶勒盖煤矿至嘎舒苏海图口岸铁路是蒙古国自主建设的重载铁路和一级铁路，该铁路主线全长233.6公里，设2个车站、6个道口、16座桥梁。据蒙通社和蒙古国官方数据，铁路通车后，蒙古国焦煤和动力煤年出口能力将从1000万吨，增加到3000万吨至5000万吨，煤炭出口收入将翻一番。同时，塔旺陶勒盖煤矿至嘎舒苏海图口岸的出口货物运输成本将降至四分之一，从47美元降至12美元。铁路还将创造新的工作和发展机遇，初步预测可创造约2000个固定工作岗位，为政府创造每年4400万美元的税收。
C |
此外，随着铁路开通，草场退化、扬尘、噪音、土壤和空气污染等生态破坏情况预计将减少74%。
D |
另据发改委网站8月消息，国家发展改革委与蒙古国财政部、交通运输发展部贯彻落实两国领导人共识和两国政府联合声明关于加快推进已商定的铁路口岸建设的要求，通过友好协商，签署了关于确认甘其毛都—嘎舒苏海图口岸跨境铁路接轨方案的谅解备忘录。备忘录的签署有利于加快推进蒙南向铁路与中方铁路接轨，对提升中蒙基础设施互联互通水平、深化产业与投资务实合作具有积极作用。人民网称，这将为开辟蒙中第二条铁路通道提供法律基础。
E |
塔旺陶勒盖煤矿（TT矿）至嘎舒苏海图口岸铁路的开通，将开辟中蒙第二条铁路通道实际上，蒙古国为塔旺陶勒盖煤矿（TT矿）至嘎舒苏海图口岸铁路的建设开通已筹备已久。由于地处内陆，蒙古国经济发展自然而然地需要与邻国建立战略连接和贸易口岸。
F | 截至目前，蒙古国与中国共有13个贸易口岸，主要出口煤炭、铁矿石和铜精矿。几十年来，蒙古国的出口依赖于前苏联的铁路系统和高速公路，大部分贸易量使用卡车运输。
G | 现在，由于基础设施的限制，蒙古国的出口能力发展不足。
2018年8月，蒙古国政府发布第242号决议“关于加强塔旺陶勒盖煤矿至嘎舒苏海图口岸铁路项目的决议”，同时成立“塔旺陶勒盖铁路”有限责任公司，并确定项目实施方。根据该决议，相关公司和承建方需在四年内完成铁路的建设和运营。
H |
今年2月 ，蒙古国总理奥云额尔登访华期间，两国政府敲定了三个主要铁路项目的蒙中过境点，它们都连接了中国和蒙古国矿产丰富的南戈壁。除塔旺陶勒盖煤矿至嘎舒苏海图口岸铁路外，另两条铁路分别为：塔旺陶勒盖至宗巴彦铁路全长416.1公里，预计将在10月前完工，可增加1500万吨货物的运输能力；宗巴彦至杭吉铁路全长226公里，将抵达中蒙边境蒙方一侧的杭吉口岸，项目已在3月破土动工，目标出口量2000万吨。美国《外交杂志》网站5月报道称，这三条铁路预计在今年年底前完工，将对商品市场产生巨大影响，让中国和俄罗斯能够向内陆寻找贸易机会，尤其是煤炭和金属等大宗商品——这将增加两国的能源安全，减少受到制裁压力的影响。来源|观察者网返回搜狐，查看更多责任编辑：Current article:http://8mm.shuicengchongmingnouhuawang.bond/news/20260826_862.html
Published on:07:01:11
